Chiang Mai Airport uses only one terminal common to all flights. Arrivals are always on the ground floor, as are all check-in desks.
Security checkpoints are always on the 1st floor.
The terminal is divided into a domestic section for flights within Thailand (on the right when viewed from the outside) and an international section (on the left).
At Chiang Mai airport you can easily get a visa on arrival. Passport control is very efficient and takes 5-10 minutes on average.
Transfer between flights
Chiang Mai is not a typical transfer airport and therefore does not have direct transit options.
Thus, when transferring, you always have to walk out and go through security again to get back into the transit area.